This text brings together independent and well-established lawyers and jurists from both sides of the century-old conflict, to reflect on matters of common interest. As violence recedes before negotiation and compromise, all issues covered by the ongoing negotiations will be determined by the emerging rule of law. The strategic issues discussed include: history and law; key international treaties; the domestic dimensions of the process; water arrangements; economic issues; and the legal institutions which are being created and which must adapt to the new scene. Another feature of the book is that, as an end result, it shows that the old legal opposition of Israeli and Arab views is giving way to a common, informed reflection on a joint and informed endeavour on the way to a coexistence determined primarily by law.